© American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
Article |
Frequency Response of Synthetic Vocal Fold Models With Linear and Nonlinear Material Properties
a Brigham Young University, Provo, UT
Correspondence to Scott L. Thomson: thomson{at}byu.edu
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to create synthetic vocal fold models with nonlinear stress-strain properties and to investigate the effect of linear versus nonlinear material properties on fundamental frequency (F 0) during anterior–posterior stretching.
Method: Three materially linear and 3 materially nonlinear models were created and stretched up to 10 mm in 1-mm increments. Phonation onset pressure (P on) and F 0 at P on were recorded for each length. Measurements were repeated as the models were relaxed in 1-mm increments back to their resting lengths, and tensile tests were conducted to determine the stress-strain responses of linear versus nonlinear models.
Results: Nonlinear models demonstrated a more substantial frequency response than did linear models and a more predictable pattern of F 0 increase with respect to increasing length (although range was inconsistent across models). P on generally increased with increasing vocal fold length for nonlinear models, whereas for linear models, P on decreased with increasing length.
Conclusion: Nonlinear synthetic models appear to more accurately represent the human vocal folds than do linear models, especially with respect to F 0 response.
KEY WORDS: voice production, vocal fold modeling, fundamental frequency response, phonation onset pressure, nonlinear stress-strain
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