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Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research Vol.52 827-838 August 2009. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2008/06-0235)
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Articles

Speech Restoration: An Interactive Process

Claire Grataloup
Michel Hoen
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and Université Lyon2

Evelyne Veuillet
Lionel Collet
CNRS and Université Lyon1

François Pellegrino
Fanny Meunier
CNRS and Université Lyon2

Contact author: Claire Grataloup, Laboratoire Dynamique du Langage UMR 5596 et Universite Lumiere Lyon2, Institut des Sciences de l'Homme, 14 avenue Berthelot, Lyon 69363 France. E-mail: claire.grataloup{at}gmail.com.

Purpose: This study investigates the ability to understand degraded speech signals and explores the correlation between this capacity and the functional characteristics of the peripheral auditory system.

Method: The authors evaluated the capability of 50 normal-hearing native French speakers to restore time-reversed speech. The task required them to transcribe two-syllable items containing temporal reversions of variable sizes, ranging from no reversion to complete reversion, increasing by half-syllable steps. In parallel, the functionality of each participant's auditory efferent system was evaluated using contralateral suppression of click-evoked otoacoustic emissions.

Results: Perceptual accuracy for time-reversed speech diminished when the size of the applied temporal distortion increased. A lexical benefit was evident, and an important interindividual variability in performance was observed. Functional exploration of the auditory system revealed that speech restoration performances correlated with the suppression strength of the participant's auditory efferent system.

Conclusions: These results suggest a clear relation between the functional asymmetry of the auditory efferent pathway (the right-side activity is greater than the left-side activity in right-handed participants) and the comprehension of acoustically distorted speech in normal-hearing participants. Further experiments are needed to better specify how the functionality of the medial olivocochlear bundle can cause phonological activation to be more efficient.

KEY WORDS: degraded speech comprehension, lateralization of audition, medial olivocochlear bundle, otoacoustic emissions


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