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Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research Vol.47 1048-1058 October 2004. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2004/078)
© American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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The Effect of Phonological Neighborhood Density on Vowel Articulation

Benjamin Munson 1
Nancy Pearl Solomon 2
1 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
2 Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC

Munso005{at}umn.edu

Recent literature suggests that phonological neighborhood density and word frequency can affect speech production, in addition to the well-documented effects that they have on speech perception. This article describes 2 experiments that examined how phonological neighborhood density influences the durations and formant frequencies of adults' productions of vowels in real words. In Experiment 1, 10 normal speakers produced words that covaried in phonological neighborhood density and word frequency. Infrequent words with many phonological neighbors were produced with shorter durations and more expanded vowel spaces than frequent words with few phonological neighbors. Results of this experiment confirmed that this effect was not related to the duration of the vowels constituting the high- and low-density words. In Experiment 2, 15 adults produced words that varied in both word frequency and neighborhood density. Neighborhood density affected vowel articulation in both high- and low-frequency words. Moreover, frequent words were produced with more contracted vowel spaces than infrequent words. There was no interaction between these factors, and the vowel duration did not vary as a function of neighborhood density. Taken together, the results suggest that neighborhood density affects vowel production independent of word frequency and vowel duration.

KEY WORDS: phonological neighborhood density, word frequency, vowels, acoustic measurements, adults

Submitted on November 26, 2003
Revised on March 15, 2004
Accepted on April 5, 2004




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