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Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research Vol.45 573-584 June 2002. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2002/046)
© American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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Listening Effort and Fatigue in School-Age Children With and Without Hearing Loss

Candace Bourland Hicks 1
Anne Marie Tharpe 1
1 Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Center for Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences Nashville, TN

candace.hicks{at}ttmc.ttuhsc.edu

Parents, audiologists, and educators have long speculated that children with hearing loss must expend more effort and, therefore, fatigue more easily than their peers with normal hearing when listening in adverse acoustic conditions. Until now, however, very few studies have been conducted to substantiate these speculations. Two experiments were conducted with school-age children with mild-to-moderate hearing loss and with normal hearing. In the first experiment, salivary cortisol levels and a self-rating measure were used to measure fatigue. Neither cortisol measurements nor self-rated measures of fatigue revealed significant differences between children with hearing loss and their normalhearing peers. In the second experiment, however, a dual-task paradigm used to study listening effort indicated that children with hearing loss expend more effort in listening than children with normal hearing. Results are discussed in terms of clinical application and future research needs.

KEY WORDS: children, hearing loss, listening effort, fatigue

Submitted on January 3, 2001
Accepted on January 13, 2002




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