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Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research Vol.41 1115-1124 October 1998.
© American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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Variable Use of African American English Across Two Language Sampling Contexts

Julie A. Washington 1
Holly K. Craig 1

Amy J. Kushmaul 1
1 University of Michigan

julieaw{at}umich.edu

This investigation compares the impact of two language sampling elicitation contexts, free play and picture description, on variability in the use of African American English (AAE). Subjects were 65 normally-developing African American 4;4- to 6;3-year-old boys and girls from lower socioeconomic status homes. Comparisons of AAE production in the first 50 C units revealed significant differences by context. Picture descriptions elicited more AAE usage overall, a larger set of AAE types, and took less time. Gender differences in the use of AAE tokens were also apparent, with the boys using significantly more tokens than girls in the free play context. The use of AAE types and tokens was comparable for boys and girls in the picture description context. The advantages of language sampling with pictures to determine dialect usage is discussed.

KEY WORDS: African American English, children, language, contextual variation, African Americans

Submitted on February 6, 1997
Accepted on January 12, 1998


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