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Journal of Speech and Hearing Research Vol.35 723-733 August 1992.
© American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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Quantitative Description of the Dysarthria in Women With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Jane Finley Kent 1
Raymond D. Kent 1
John C. Rosenbek 2
Gary Weismer 1
Ruth Martin 1
Robert Sufit 3

Benjamin R. Brooks 4
1 Department of Communicative Disorders University of Wisconsin-Madison
2 Speech Pathology Service Veterans Administration Hospital Madison, WI
3 Department of Neurology Center for Health Sciences University of Wisconsin-Madison
4 Department of Neurology Center for Health Sciences University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Neurology Service Veterans Administration Hospital Madison, WI

Speech intelligibility and its phonetic and acoustic correlates were studied in a group of 10 women with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Intelligibility assessment with a word-identification test indicated that the most disrupted phonetic features pertained to velopharyngeal valving, lingual function for consonant contrasts of place and manner, and syllable shape. An acoustic signature analysis based on trajectories of the first and second formants in selected monosyllabic test words revealed that the mean slope of the second formant (F2) was reduced compared with that of a normal geriatric control group. This F2 slope reduction is interpreted to reflect loss of lingual motoneurons. Acoustic measures of phonatory function for sustained vowel prolongation demonstrated abnormalities in fundamental frequency, perturbations of frequency (jitter) and amplitude (shimmer), and signal-to-noise ratio. The data for women with ALS are compared with data for a normal geriatric control group of women and with data for a group of 25 men with ALS (Kent et al., 1990). Although the overall ranking of errors was similar for males and females with ALS, men were more likely to have impairments of voicing in syllable-initial position.

KEY WORDS: dysarthria, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, intelligibility, voice, articulation

Submitted on March 21, 1991
Accepted on October 3, 1991


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