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Effects of Visual Message-Related Cues, Age, and Hearing Impairment on Speechreading Performance

William F. Prather
Veterans Administration Hospital, Seattle, Washington

Three groups of adult subjects, differing primarily in age and auditory status, performed two speechreading tasks. One task consisted of speechreading sentences in which the only cues provided were those from the speaker's face and lips. In the other task, a related picture was presented just prior to speechreading a given sentence. Results indicated that while message-related pictures markedly enhanced speechreading performance for all groups, the older hearing-impaired subjects improved more than the two groups of normal-hearing subjects, regardless of age. In terms of absolute speechreading performance, however, the younger normal-hearing subjects speechread better than either of the two older groups while the older adults with hearing impairment tended to speechread better than the older subjects with normal hearing.