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Somatosensory Gating is Dependent on the Rate of Force Recruitment in the Human Orofacial System

Steven M. Barlow
Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences and Disorders, Programs in Neuroscience, Human Biology, and Bioengineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA

Purpose: Functional orofacial behaviors vary in their force end-point and rate of recruitment. This study assessed the gating of orofacial cutaneous somatosensation during different cyclic lip force recruitment rates. Understanding how differences in the rate of force recruitment influences trigeminal system function is an important step toward furthering our knowledge of orofacial sensorimotor control.

Method: Lower lip vibrotactile thresholds (LL-VDT) were sampled in response to sinusoidal inputs delivered to the lip vermilion at 5, 10, 50, and 150 Hz while adult subjects engaged in a baseline condition (no force), two low-level lip force recruitment tasks differing by rate (0.1 Hz or 2 Hz), and passive displacement of the lip as a control to approximate the mechanosensory consequences of voluntary movement.

Results: LL-VDT's increased significantly for test frequencies at or below 50 Hz during voluntary lip force recruitment. LL-VDT shifts were positively related to changes in the rate of lip force recruitment, whereas passively imposed displacements of the lip were ineffective in shifting LL-VDT's.

Conclusions: These findings are considered in relation to published reports of force-related sensory gating in orofacial and limb systems and the potential role of somatosensory gating along the trigeminal system during orofacial behaviors.

KEY WORDS: mechanoreceptor, psychophysics, perception, lips, vibrotactile, trigeminal

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