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Factorial Temperament Structure in Stuttering, Voice Disordered, and Normal Speaking Children

Luc F. De Nil
Dept. of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Canada
Experimental Otorinolaryngology, Dept. of Neurosciences, University of Leuven, Belgium

Bea R. H. Van den Bergh
Dept. of Developmental and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
Dept. of Welfare, Public Health, and Family, Flemish Community, Belgium
Dept. of Psychology, University of Leuven, Belgium

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the underlying temperamental structure of the Dutch Children's Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ; Van den Bergh & Ackx, 2003) was identical for children who stutter (CWS), typically developing children (TDC), and children with vocal nodules (CWVN).

Method: A principle axis factor analysis was performed on data obtained with the Dutch CBQ from 69 CWS, 149 TDC, and 41 CWVN. All children were between the ages of 3;0 and 8;11 years.

Results: Results indicated a three-factor solution, identified as Extraversion/Surgency, Negative Affect, and Effortful Control, for each of the participant groups, showing considerable similarity to previously published US, Chinese, Japanese, and Dutch samples. Congruence coefficients were highest for CWS and TDC and somewhat more modest when comparing CWVN and TDC. The factor ‘Effortful Control’consistently yielded lowest congruence coefficients.

Conclusions: These data confirm that while stuttering, voice disordered, and typically developing children may differ quantitatively with regard to mean scores on temperament scales, they are similar in terms of their overall underlying temperament structure. The equivalence of temperament structure provides a basis for further comparison of mean group scores on the individual temperament scales.

KEY WORDS: stuttering, voice disorders, normal speech, temperament, Children's Behavior Questionnaire

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